Exposition text

Narrative text

Biography

A. Definition of Biography Text

 Biography is the story of a person's life that is more complex than just a curriculum vitae and work data.  Generally, biographies tell more about the feelings a person faces in dealing with an event or a person's life.

 In the biography, it is explained about the life of a character from childhood until he grows up, even until he finally dies.  All services, works, and things produced by a character are also clarified.  The biographical text itself was composed not by myself.  Life history text types include Short life history and Long life history.

 B. Biography Text formula

 A Biography Text generally uses the specific names of the people involved in a biography which is then written in the past tense.

 A Biography text can also use words which are then related to time.  Biographies generally describe events, so use more action verbs.  A Biography Text itself consists of three parts:

 1. Orientation

 Orientation provides the reader with background information on why the biography was written.  The opening paragraph should answer the questions: who, what, where, when, and how.

 Usually contains narrated biodata such as full name and place and date of birth.  Some general information can also be presented in this section as an introduction to the characters.

 2. Events

 At the eventa stage is the stage of an event or events experienced by the character.  Contains an explanation of a story in the form of problem solving, other processes, and various events that have been experienced by the character to lead him to a success.  The event itself is usually told in chronological order which refers to a certain time.

 3. Re-Orientation (Closing)

 This section contains the author's views on the characters told.  Reorientation is optional so that the author can give his personal view of the characters being told.  Reorientation also consists of a type of conclusion with comments about contributions which are then summarized in an interesting conclusion or storyline.

 C. Example Sentences of Biography Text

 1. Example 1: Thomas Alva Edison

 Thomas Alva Edison as Inventor who was born on February 11, 1847, in Milan, Ohio.  Thomas Edison was the youngest of seven children Samuel and Edison.  His father was an exiled political activist, while his mother was an accomplished school teacher and had a great influence on Thomas' early life.  Thomas Alva Edison was an American inventor, his inventions include the telegraph, the phonograph, the first practical incandescent electric light bulb, alkaline storage batteries and the Kinetograph (camera for film).

 During his lifetime, Edison received many patents.  His first patent was obtained from the Electrographic Vote-Recorder on October 13, 1868, at the age of 21. His last patent was for equipment used to hold objects during the electroplating process.  While the artificer wasn't the inventor of the first light bulb, he did find the technology that helped bring it back in time.

 Edison was driven to perfect the commercially practical incandescent light bulb after the British inventor invented the first early electric arc lamp in the early 1800s.  Thomas Edison later died of complications from his illness on October 18, 1931, at his home, “Glenmont,” in West Orange, New Jersey.

 It means

 Thomas Alva Edison as Inventor who was born on February 11, 1847, in Milan, Ohio.  Thomas Edison as the youngest of seven children Samuel and Edison.  His father was an exiled political activist, while his mother was an accomplished school teacher and had a great influence on Thomas' early life.  Thomas Alva Edison was an American inventor, his inventions include the telegraph, the phonograph, the first practical incandescent electric light bulb, alkaline storage batteries and the Kinetograph (camera for film).

BJ Habibie Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie called BJ. Habibie was born on twenty five Gregorian calendar months 1936. He was the Third President of the Republic of the Republic of Indonesia (1998–1999). Habibie was born in Parepare, South Sulawesi Province to Alwi Abdul Jalil Habibie and R.A. Tuti Giambattista Marino Poespowardojo. His father was a grower from Gorontalo of Bugis descent and his mother was a Javanese peeress from Yogyakarta. His elders met while learning in Bogor.

Once he was fourteen years old, Habibie’s father died. Following his father’s death, Habibie continued his studies in the national capital then in 1955 moved to Germany. In 1962, Habibie came to the Republic of Indonesia for 3 months on leave. Throughout this point, he was reacquainted with Hasri Ainun, the girl of R. Mohamad Besari. The 2 married in 1962, returning to Germany shortly later. Habibie and his mate settled in Aken for a brief amount before moving to Oberforstbach. In 1963 they had their 1st son, Ilham Akbar Habibie, and later another son, Thareq Kemal Habibie.

1. Where was bj habibie born?

a. BJ Habibie was born in Bogor

b. BJ Habibie was born in Gorontalo

c. BJ Habibi was born in Yogyakarta

d. BJ Habibie was born in Parepar

Ans D

2. What happened to BJ Habibie when he was fourteen years old?

a. His father died

b. He graduated from university

c. He married

d. He continuing his study

3. When did BJ Habibie get married?

a. He got married in 1955

b. He got married in 1962

c. He got married in 1963

d. He got married in 1936

4. Who is the first son of BJ Habibie?

a. Hasri Ainun

b. Thareq Kemal Habibie

c. R. Mohamad Besari

d. Ilham Akbar Habibie

5. “In 1963 that they had their 1st son, Ilham Akbar Habibie, and later another son, Thareq Kemal Habibie.” (paragraph 2) The word “they” supported the text on top of refers to…

a. BJ Habibie

b. Ilham Akbar Habibie and Thareq Kemal Habibie

c. BJ Habibie and his wife

d. Alwi Abdul Jalil Habibie and R.A. Tuti Giambattista Marino Poespowardojo

Descriptive text

 Barack Obama is the president of United States. He is an African-American. He is tall and thin. He is bald. He has dark complexion, pointed nose, and oval face.

He is the first black man who becomes the president of United States. He is known as a smart and wise man. He is a loving husband for his wife and a good father for his two children. People from all over the world adore him because of his spirit and action in creating peace in this world. He also looks friendly because he always smiles a lot.

1. What is the purpose of the text?

A. To persuade the readers to choose him in the election

B. To entertain the readers about the story of Barack Obama

C. To report the life of the president of United States of America

D. To describe Barack Obama’s physical appearance and personality

Ans:D

2. “… dark complexion, pointed nose, and oval face.” The antonym of the word “pointed” is ….

A. Flat

B. Short

C. Straight

D.Handsome

Ans:a

Victoria Caroline Beckham is an English singer-songwriter, dancer, model, actress, fashion designer and business woman. She was born on April 17, 1974, in Essex, England. She became famous in the 1990’s with the pop group “The Spice Girl”and was known as Posh Spice. In 1999, she married the Manchester United and England footballer, David Beckham. They have four children, three sons and a daughter.

After The Spice Girl split up, she pursued a solo singer career, but also started her own fashion range called dVb Style. Since this initial foray into fashion Victoria Beckham has brought out her own range of sunglasses and fragrance, entitled “Intimately Beckham”and a range of handbags and jewelry.

In addition she had written two best-selling books: one her autobiography and the other, a fashion guide.

3. What did Victoria do before being a solo singer?

A. Married to David Beckham

B. Worked as fashion designer

C. Joined The Spice Girl

D. Created fashion style

Ans:c

4. We found in the text that ….

A. Victoria named her fragrance by dVb style

B. Beckham is Victoria’s autobiography

C. Beckham is Victoria’s brand for her fragrance

D. Posh Spice is the title of her new album

Ans:c

5. Based on the text, what do we know about Victoria?

A. She is an ordinary woman

B. She is a multi-talented woman

C. She designed The Spice Girls

D. She married to an ordinary person

Ans:B

descriptive text

 Descriptive text is a text which says what a person or a thing is like. Its purpose is to describe and reveal a particular person, place, or thing.

Structure Text (Generic Structure)

Descriptive text has its own rules in writing, including in the structure or composition of which must be written in order. If you are prompted to create descriptive text, then make sure the structure is as follows:

 1. Identification

 This section in the first paragraph - the goal  is to identify something to be described or depicted. Explanation easy, Identification serves to introduce the reader about the object or something that we have described before we tell about its properties. The goal is not to get one of those readers. 

 2. Description

This section in the second paragraph and so on - contains the properties inherent in something that you already introduced to the reader in the first paragraph. 

Characteristics Descriptive Text

These characteristics are important for you to take into account when  writing the descriptive text is not wrong. So make sure you use the  following features when using the genre will write descriptive text :

   1. Using the Simple Present Tense. 

Why use the simple present tense?  this is because we will describe a fact or truth that is attached to something or someone. And one of the functions of the simple present is to illustrate a fact or truth (eg fact: the sun is hot). Therefore, you should  always use the first form of the verb (verb-1). Your example will illustrate the properties of your new car: The color of my car is black, it can run up to 500 km / hour.

  2. Because of its function is to describe something by explaining its properties, then the text will be found many descriptive adjectives (adjective), as handsome, beautiful, tall, small, big, or if the adjective is derived from the verb, then you will find additional -ve, -ing, -nt in tow,

 3. In the descriptive text we will often find Relating verb (copula) which is (as in characteristic number 1). In Indonesian is often interpreted as "is". Because the purpose or function descriptive text is to describe, then definitely we will often find the word was (is). His name is Andy (his name was Andy), his height is 160 cm (height is 160 cm).

procedure text

Soal Procedure Text 1
Ladies and Gentlemen, in case of emergency, take the life jacket which is located under your seat.
Put the life jacket over your head and then fasten the jacket tapes around you’re your waist.
Do not inflate the jacket until you left the aircraft. The jacket will be automatically inflated by pulling a cord, but if not, you can blow into the chip to inflate it.
A light is attached to the jacket for attracting attention. The life jacket should be removed only in case of emergency.
The use of TV set, AM and FM radios and radio cassettes recorders, walkman, and any mobile phones are prohibited on board as they interfere the communication and navigational system.
We wish you an enjoyable flight.

1. Where is the life jacket located?
A. Over the head
B. Around the waist.
C. Outsite the aircraft.
D. In the back of the seat.
E. Under the seat.

2. What can interfere the navigatioanl system
A. Table.
B. The life jacket.
C. Mobile phones
D. The attached light.
E. Tapes around the waist.

Soal Procedure Text 2
A quick and easy cheese cake recipe
Yield : 6 servings
Prep. Time :5 minutes
Cook Time : 40 minutes
Total Time : 45 minutes

Ingredients:
16 ounces cream cheese, 2 packages, softened
½ cup sugar
½ teaspoon vanilla
2 large eggs
4 ounces semi-sweet chocolate chips
1 prepared Graham cracker crust

Directions:
Beat cream cheese, sugar and vanilla at medium speed until well-blended. Blend in 2 eggs. Stir in chocolate chips then pour batter into Graham cracker chust. (you may sprinkle ¼ cup mini semi sweet chocolate chips on top if you desire).
Bake at 35calcius for 40 minutes, or until certer is almost set. Cool.
For best results refrigerate for 3 hours.

3. How many persons is the cake for?
A. 2
B. 5
C. 6
D. 35
E. 2

4. The goal of the text is to tell about . . . . .
A. how to beat cream cheese
B. how to blend sugar and vanilla
C. how to bake chocolate cheese and cake
D. how make chocolate cheese cake
E. how to make mini sweet chocolate chips

4. The text is called a/an . . . . .
A. explanation
B. description
C. procedure
D. report
E. spoof

Soal Procedure Text 3
How to make a Cheese Omelet
Ingredients:
1 egg, 50 g cheese, 1 cup milk, 3 tablespoons cooking oil, a pinch of salt and pepper.

Utensils:
Frying pan, fork, spatula, cheese-grater, bowl, and plate.

Method:
• Crack the egg into a bowl
• Whisk the egg with a fork until it’s smooth
• Add milk and whisk well
• Grate the cheese into the bowl and stir
• Heat the oil in frying pan
• Turn the omelet with spatula and cook both sides
• Place on a plate, season with salt and pepper

5. The text above belongs to……
A. narrative
B. Procedure
C. news item
D. Spoof
E. recount

Procedure text

 Questions

Ladies and Gentlemen, in case of emergency, take the life jacket which is located under your seat.
Put the life jacket over your head and then fasten the jacket tapes around you’re your waist.
Do not inflate the jacket until you left the aircraft. The jacket will be automatically inflated by pulling a cord, but if not, you can blow into the chip to inflate it.
A light is attached to the jacket for attracting attention. The life jacket should be removed only in case of emergency.
The use of TV set, AM and FM radios and radio cassettes recorders, walkman, and any mobile phones are prohibited on board as they interfere the communication and navigational system.
We wish you an enjoyable flight.

1. Where is the life jacket located?
A. Over the head
B. Around the waist.
C. Outsite the aircraft.
D. In the back of the seat.
E. Under the seat.

2. What can interfere the navigatioanl system
A. Table.
B. The life jacket.
C. Mobile phones
D. The attached light.
E. Tapes around the waist.

Soal Procedure Text 2
A quick and easy cheese cake recipe
Yield : 6 servings
Prep. Time :5 minutes
Cook Time : 40 minutes
Total Time : 45 minutes

Ingredients:
16 ounces cream cheese, 2 packages, softened
½ cup sugar
½ teaspoon vanilla
2 large eggs
4 ounces semi-sweet chocolate chips
1 prepared Graham cracker crust

Directions:
Beat cream cheese, sugar and vanilla at medium speed until well-blended. Blend in 2 eggs. Stir in chocolate chips then pour batter into Graham cracker chust. (you may sprinkle ¼ cup mini semi sweet chocolate chips on top if you desire).
Bake at 35calcius for 40 minutes, or until certer is almost set. Cool.
For best results refrigerate for 3 hours.

3. How many persons is the cake for?
A. 2
B. 5
C. 6
D. 35
E. 2

4. The goal of the text is to tell about . . . . .
A. how to beat cream cheese
B. how to blend sugar and vanilla
C. how to bake chocolate cheese and cake
D. how make chocolate cheese cake
E. how to make mini sweet chocolate chips

4. The text is called a/an . . . . .
A. explanation
B. description
C. procedure
D. report
E. spoof

Soal Procedure Text 3
How to make a Cheese Omelet
Ingredients:
1 egg, 50 g cheese, 1 cup milk, 3 tablespoons cooking oil, a pinch of salt and pepper.

Utensils:
Frying pan, fork, spatula, cheese-grater, bowl, and plate.

Method:
• Crack the egg into a bowl
• Whisk the egg with a fork until it’s smooth
• Add milk and whisk well
• Grate the cheese into the bowl and stir
• Heat the oil in frying pan
• Turn the omelet with spatula and cook both sides
• Place on a plate, season with salt and pepper

5. The text above belongs to……
A. narrative
B. Procedure
C. news item
D. Spoof
E. recount

Exercise

Do practice 1-10 in part 1 from the module above!

Attach the photo the exercises in your blog!

Practice 1: Name the following tools. Then, match the description (function) of each.

Picture Number  

1. Blender         

Sentence Number

c. An electric mixing machine used in food preparationlequefying, chooping and pureeing ingridients.

Picture Number  

2. Laptop

Sentence Number

e. A computer that is portable and suitable for use while traveling.

Picture Number 

3. Rice Cooker

Sentence Number

b. An automated kitchen appliance designed to boil or steam rice.

Picture Number 

4. Printer

Sentence Number

d. A device that accepts text and graphic output rom a computer and transform information to paper.

Picture Number

5. Toaster

Sentence Number 

a. An electrical device for making toast.

Practice 2:

1) First, you will read silently to understand the procedure texts below. Make sure that you know the meaning of every word. If you find some words that you do not understand their meaning yet. Then, consult the dictionary.

•  Align : Meluruskan

•  Rinse : Membilas

2) Second, read each text (text 1 and 2) loudly as if you are giving the instructions and take a note on your book. If possible, record your voice.

Practice 3: Read those texts (Text 1 and 2) one more time then answer these questions.

a. What are those texts about?

•》 The text is about the information on how to insert simcard cellphone and how to cook rice in a rice cooker.

b. Who will probably need to read read the texts?

•》Everyone who has cellphone and everyone who will cook rice in rice cooker will need to read this text.

c. What are the purpose of the texts?

•》The purpose of each text is to tell how something is done / accomplished through the sequence of steps.

d. What is the benefit of reading the texts?

•》 The benefit of reading this text is the readers will know how to insert simcard cellphone and how to cook using rice 

cooker.

Practice 4: Read text 1 then analize its structure using this table.

Parts of the Text : 

• Goal : To tell how to insert sim card cellphone
• Materials/tools (not required for all prosedurs text).

Step :

1. First of all, press the locking catch

and slide the cover then lift it off the phone.

2. After that, push two catches in the

opposite directions and remove the battery.

3. Next, slide the SIM card carefully into the slot and make sure that the golden connect arson are facing to the connector of the phone.

4. Then, put the battery and align it until snaps into its 

place.

5. Finally, insert the two catches of the back cover corresponding slot in the phone and slide the cover forward button of the phone until locks into place

Functions of the Parts : 

• Showing the purpose of the text
• Telling the material needed
• Describing the steps to achieve the purpose

Text 2

Parts of the Text :

• Goal : To tell how to cook rice in a rice cooker

• Materials/tools (not required for all prosedurs text) 

Step :

1. First, rinse a cup of rice in cold water. Rub the rice softly under the running

water. Do not rub the rice too long, because it will lose the nutrients. Wash the

rice once again. Then drain the water from the rice.

2. Next, add a cup of water. If you cook rice using an electronic rice cooker, pay

attention to the water ratio. The rice and the water ratio is usually 1 part rice

to 1 part water.

3. Then, place the cooking pot in the rice cooker properly. Cover the pot. Select

the cooking button right after the light on the rice cook cook turns.

4. Finally, when the rice has been cooked and is resilent , flip through the rice

very gently using a rice spatula

Functions of the Parts :

• Showing the purpose of the text
• Telling the material needed
• Describing the steps to achieve the purpose 

Practice 5: Read text again then analize its structure using this table.

Example:

Text 1

To compose a prosedur text , you will need :

• Present Tenses (imperatives)

1. e.g Press the locking catch

2. Put the battery

3. Do not use ammonia in the same wash.

4. Slide the cover forward button of the phone

• Action Verbs

1. e.g Push, insert, remove

• Number to show the sequences

1. e.g First, second, third, ...
2. 1,2,3,4,5, ...
3. At first, then, next

• Adverb

1.  e.g slowly, usually, warmly.finally,...

Text 2

To compose a prosedur text , you will need :

• Present Tenses (imperatives)

1. e.g rinse a cup of rice in cold water
2. add a cup of water
3. place the cooking pot in the rice cooker properly
4. flip through the rice very gently using a rice spatula

• Action Verbs

1. e.g rince, add, flip, cook

• Number to show the sequences

1. e.g 1,2,3,4, ....
2. first, then, next, finally, ...

• Adverb

1.  e.g softly, usually, properly, gently

How to Use Glue Gun

1. First, check and clean the glue gun from any old glue clogging in the nozzle.

2. Second, put the glue stick into the gun nozzle.

3. Third, insert the plug into the electricity socket.

4. Fourth, prepare a sheet of paper and put the glue gun on it.

5. Fifth, wait until the gun get warmer.

6. Sixth, squeeze the trigger gently to check if the glue stick has changed into liquid form.

7. Finaly, you can apply it on any surface that you want to stick by using this glue gun.

 

Practice 6: Read text above carefully. Then, complete the following table.

Questions :

• Text: How to Use Glue Gun
• Topic : how to use glue gun
• Target reader : people who will use glue gun
• Purpose : telling how to use glue gun through a sequence of actions
• Benefit : the readres get information to use glue gun.

Practice 7: Read the text once more. Then, analize its structure by completing this table.

Parts of the text :

• Goal : how to use glue gun.
• Materials/tools needed: glue sticks and glue gun

Functions of the parts :

• Showing the purpose of the text
• Telling the material needed
• Describing the steps to achieve the purpose

Step :

1. First, check and clean the glue gun from any old glue clogging in the nozzle.

2. Second, put the glue stick into the gun nozzle.

3. Third, insert the plug into the electricity socket.

4. Fourth, prepare a sheet of paper and put the glue gun on it.

5. Fifth, wait until the gun get warmer.

6. Sixth, squeeze the trigger gently to check if the glue stick has changed into liquid form.

7. Finaly, you can apply it on any surface that you want to stick by using this glue gun.

 

Practice 8: Read the text. Then, analize its grammatical feautres using this table.

Grammatical Features :

• Imperative
• check and clean the glue gun, put the glue
• stick into the gun nozzle
• Action Verb
• check, clean, put
• Connective
• first, finally
• Adverbgently.

 

Practice 9: Read Text 3 below then answer following the questions. Handwrite your complete answers on your notebook.

Questions:

a. What is the text about?

: The text is about how to operate ATM

b. Who might be interested in reading this text?

: Yes, i interested

c. What is the purpose of writing this text?

: The purpose of the text is to tell how to operate ATM

d. What is the benefit of reading this text?

: We will know how to operate ATM

e. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?

: Step to operate ATM

f. Mention 3 words from the text that are not familiar for you!

: frequently, regardless, associated

Practice 10: Compare the two texts (Text 1 and 2) above by telling their similarities and the differences in the following grid.

Similarities :

• Social Function : To inform the way how to..

• Text Structure : Goal, step

• Grammatical Features : Present tense action verb adverb

Differences :

• Social Function : Text 1 : To inform the way to use a blender ; Text 2 : To inform the way how to pass in the interview

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Part 2

Definition of Procedure Text

There are three definition about procedure text : (1)Texts that explain how something works or how to use instruction / operation manuals e.g. how to use the video, the computer, the tape recorder, the photocopier, the fax. (2) Texts that instruct how to do a particular activity e.g. recipes, rules for games, science experiments, road safety rules. (3) Texts that deal with human behavior, e.g how to live happily, how to succeed

Generic Structure of Procedure Text

# Goal : (e.g : How to make spaghetti)
# Material or Ingredient : (e.g : the material to cook omelette are egg, onion, vegetable oil, etc. )
# Step : (e.g : first, wash the tomatoes, onion, …., second cut the onions becomes slice. . . )

Purpose of Procedure Text

– To explain/tell (the reader) how to make/operate/do something through a sequence of actions or steps.
– To explain steps/instruction to make/operate/do something

Language Feature of Procedure Text

– Use adverbial of sequence / Using temporal conjunction (e.g: first, second, third, the last)
– Use command / imperative sentence (e.g : put the noodles on the . . ., cut the onion. . ., wash the tomatoes. . . )
– Using adverbials (Adverbs) to express detail the time, place, manner accurate, for example, for five minutes, 2 hours, etc.
– Using action verbs, e.g : make, take, boil, cook
– Using Simple Present Tense

Definition of Procedure Text

There are three definition about procedure text : (1)Texts that explain how something works or how to use instruction / operation manuals e.g. how to use the video, the computer, the tape recorder, the photocopier, the fax. (2) Texts that instruct how to do a particular activity e.g. recipes, rules for games, science experiments, road safety rules. (3) Texts that deal with human behavior, e.g how to live happily, how to succeed

Generic Structure of Procedure Text

# Goal : (e.g : How to make spaghetti)
# Material or Ingredient : (e.g : the material to cook omelette are egg, onion, vegetable oil, etc. )
# Step : (e.g : first, wash the tomatoes, onion, …., second cut the onions becomes slice. . . )

Purpose of Procedure Text

– To explain/tell (the reader) how to make/operate/do something through a sequence of actions or steps.
– To explain steps/instruction to make/operate/do something

Language Feature of Procedure Text

– Use adverbial of sequence / Using temporal conjunction (e.g: first, second, third, the last)
– Use command / imperative sentence (e.g : put the noodles on the . . ., cut the onion. . ., wash the tomatoes. . . )
– Using adverbials (Adverbs) to express detail the time, place, manner accurate, for example, for five minutes, 2 hours, etc.
– Using action verbs, e.g : make, take, boil, cook
– Using Simple Present Tense

Examples of Procedure Text

HOW TO MAKE A CUP Of COFFEE

MATERIALS AND INGEDIENTS :
– 2
spoons of sugar
– one
spoon of coffee powder
– hot
water
– a cup
– a
spoon

PROCEDURE :
1. Prepare two spoons of sugar, a cup, hot water, one spoon of coffee powder, a spoon.
2. Put one spoon of coffee powder into the cup.
3. Pour some hot water into the cup.
4. Add 2 spoons of sugar into a cup of coffee
5. Stir it well and the hot coffee is ready to drink